* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    background-color: #f4f4f4;
    font-size: 16px;
}

header {
    background-color: #004d99;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 20px 0;
    text-align: center;
}

header h1 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 5vw, 2.5rem);
    padding: 0 10px;
}

/* Mobile adjustments for header */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    header {
        padding: 15px 10px;
    }

    header h1 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    header {
        padding: 12px 5px;
    }

    header h1 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }
}
/* Default styles for desktop and larger screens */
nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    /* Displays list items horizontally */
    justify-content: center;
    /* Centers the navigation items */
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    /* Allows nav items to wrap if screen is narrow but not small enough for column */
}

nav ul li {
    margin: 0 15px;
    /* Horizontal spacing for desktop */
}

nav ul li a {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: bold;
    padding: 10px 0;
    /* Add some vertical padding for clickable area */
    display: block;
    /* Make the whole area clickable */
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    /* Smooth transition for hover */
}

nav ul li a:hover {
    color: #add8e6;
    /* Light blue on hover for example */
}

/* ------------------------------------------- */
/* Responsive styles for smaller screens (e.g., tablets and mobile) */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    nav ul {
        flex-direction: column;
        /* Stacks list items vertically */
        align-items: center;
        /* Centers items horizontally when stacked */
        /* You might want a background color for the mobile menu */
        background-color: #333;
        /* Example dark background */
        width: 100%;
        /* Ensure it takes full width */
        padding: 10px 0;
        /* Add some padding to the top/bottom of the menu */
    }

    nav ul li {
        margin: 10px 0;
        /* Vertical spacing for mobile */
        width: 100%;
        /* Make list item take full width for better touch targets */
        text-align: center;
        /* Center the text within each list item */
    }

    nav ul li a {
        padding: 12px 20px;
        /* Increase padding for larger touch target on mobile */
        border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        /* Subtle separator */
        min-height: 44px;
        /* Minimum touch target height */
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    nav ul li:last-child a {
        border-bottom: none;
        /* No border for the last item */
    }
}

/* --- Dropdown Menu Styling --- */


section {
    padding: 30px;
    background-color: #fff;
    margin: 20px auto;
    width: 90%;
    max-width: 900px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

section h2 {
    color: #004d99;
    font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 4vw, 2rem);
    margin-top: 0;
}

section h3 {
    color: #004d99;
    font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 3vw, 1.5rem);
}

/* Styling for lists in sections */
section ul {
    list-style-type: disc;
    padding-left: 30px;
    margin: 10px 0;
}

section li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

section li::marker {
    color: #004d99;
}

/* Mobile adjustments for sections */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    section {
        padding: 20px;
        margin: 15px auto;
        width: 95%;
    }

    section ul {
        padding-left: 20px;
    }

    section li {
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }

     ul li{
        list-style: none;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    section {
        padding: 15px;
        margin: 10px auto;
        width: 95%;
    }

    section h2 {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    section h3 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    section ul {
        padding-left: 20px;
    }

    section li {
        padding-left: 0;
        margin-bottom: 8px;
    }
    ul li{
        list-style: none;
    }
}
footer {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 15px 10px;
    /* Adapts to available space */
    background-color: #004d99;
    color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 100%;
    /* KEY for responsiveness: Always spans full width */
    box-sizing: border-box;
    /* Ensures padding/border are included in width */
    font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 2vw, 1rem);
    /* Use relative units for text */
}

footer h2,
footer h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 1.5rem);
    color: #fff;
}

footer p {
    margin: 10px 0;
    font-size: clamp(0.85rem, 1.5vw, 1rem);
}

footer a {
    color: #f0f8ff;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: text-decoration 0.3s ease;
}

footer a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.footer-flex {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 20px auto 0;
    gap: 20px;
}

.footer-column {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 200px;
    text-align: left;
    padding: 0 10px;
}

.footer-column h3 {
    margin: 15px 0 10px 0;
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 1.3rem);
}

.footer-column ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-column li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-size: clamp(0.85rem, 1.5vw, 1rem);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .footer-flex {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
        margin: 15px auto 0;
    }

    .footer-column {
        min-width: unset;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 0 5px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    footer {
        padding: 10px 5px;
    }

    .footer-column li {
        margin-bottom: 6px;
    }
}

iframe {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 560px;
    height: 315px;
    border: none;
}

a {
    color: #004d99;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

a:hover {
    color: #0056b3;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

footer hr {
    border: 2px;
    height: 4px;
    background-color: darkslategray;
    /* A solid color for the horizontal rule */
    margin: 20px auto;
    /* Center it */
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 2000px;
    /* It will be 100% until it reaches 900px, then it stays at 900px */
    border: White;
}

.iframe-container {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    padding-bottom: 56.25%;
    /* 16:9 Aspect Ratio (height / width * 100%) */
    height: auto;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.iframe-container iframe {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

img,
video,
iframe {
    max-width: 100%;
    /* Ensures they never exceed their parent's width */
    height: auto;
    /* Maintains aspect ratio */
    display: block;
    /* Removes extra space below images */
}

.course-content-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    /* Allows items to wrap onto the next line if space is limited */
    gap: 20px;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.course-content-wrapper>div {
    flex: 2 1 300px;
    /* Grow at 2x rate, shrink if needed, try to be at least 300px wide */
}

.course-content-wrapper img.course-image {
    flex: 1 1 250px;
    /* flex-grow, flex-shrink, flex-basis (min-width) */
    max-width: 100%;
    /* Ensure image is responsive within its grid cell */
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    /* Removes any extra space below the image */
}

/* Optional: Add media queries for responsiveness on smaller screens */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .course-content-wrapper {
        flex-direction: column;
        /* Stack items vertically */
        align-items: center;
        /* Center items when stacked */
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .course-content-wrapper img.course-image {
        flex: none;
        /* Remove flex properties when stacked */
        width: 100%;
        /* Full width */
        max-width: 400px;
        /* Maximum width for larger tablets */
    }

    .course-content-wrapper>div {
        flex: none;
        /* Remove flex properties when stacked */
        width: 100%;
        /* Take full width */
        text-align: center;
        /* Center text if desired */
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .course-content-wrapper {
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .course-content-wrapper img.course-image {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
    }
}

.banner-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    margin: 0 auto;
    /* Centers the image */
}

.start-lesson-button {
    /* Basic Button Styles */
    background-color: #4CAF50;
    /* A nice green color */
    color: white;
    /* White text */
    padding: 15px 30px;
    /* Top/bottom padding 15px, left/right 30px */
    border: none;
    /* No default border */
    border-radius: 8px;
    /* Slightly rounded corners */
    cursor: pointer;
    /* Changes cursor to a pointer on hover */
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.1rem);
    /* Responsive font size */
    font-weight: bold;
    /* Bold text */
    text-align: center;
    /* Center the text */
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Remove underline if it were a link */
    display: inline-block;
    /* Allows padding and margins to work correctly */
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
    /* Smooth transition for hover effect */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    /* Subtle shadow for depth */
    margin: 30px 10px;
    /* Margin for spacing around the button */
    min-height: 48px;
    /* Minimum touch target height */
    min-width: 48px;
    /* Minimum touch target width */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.start-lesson-button:hover {
    background-color: #45a049;
    /* Darker green on hover */
    box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    /* Slightly larger shadow on hover */
}

.start-lesson-button:active {
    background-color: #3e8e41;
    /* Even darker green when clicked */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    /* Smaller shadow to simulate press */
    transform: translateY(2px);
    /* Slight downward movement */
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .start-lesson-button {
        padding: 12px 20px;
        margin: 20px 5px;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

.back-button {
    /* Basic Link-as-Button Styles */
    background-color: red;
    /* Light gray background */
    color: white;
    /* Dark gray text */
    padding: 15px 30px;
    /* Slightly smaller padding than the main button */
    border: none;
    /* Subtle border */
    border-radius: 8px;
    /* Slightly rounded corners */
    cursor: pointer;
    /* Pointer cursor on hover */
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.1rem);
    /* Responsive font size */
    font-weight: normal;
    /* Regular weight text */
    text-align: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Remove underline for links */
    display: inline-block;
    /* Allows padding and dimensions */
    margin: 30px 10px;
    /* Margin for spacing around the button */
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    /* Smooth transitions */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    /* Lighter shadow */
    min-height: 48px;
    /* Minimum touch target height */
    min-width: 48px;
    /* Minimum touch target width */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.back-button:hover {
    background-color: #e0e0e0;
    /* Darker gray on hover */
    border-color: #bbb;
    /* Darker border */
    box-shadow: 0 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    /* Slightly larger shadow */
}

.back-button:active {
    background-color: #d0d0d0;
    /* Even darker gray when clicked */
    border-color: #aaa;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    /* Smaller shadow to simulate press */
    transform: translateY(1px);
    /* Slight downward movement */
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .back-button {
        padding: 12px 20px;
        margin: 20px 5px;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

hr {
    border: none;
    height: 20px;
    background-color: #004d99;
    /* A solid color for the horizontal rule */
    margin: 20px auto;
    /* Center it */
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1000px;
    /* It will be 100% until it reaches 800px, then it stays at 800px */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Styling for the download link button */
.download-button {
    padding: 15px 30px;
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.1rem);
    background-color: #007bff;
    /* Example blue color */
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Remove underline from link */
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
    margin-top: 20px;
    display: inline-block;
    /* Allows padding and width, makes it centerable */
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    text-align: center;
    min-height: 48px;
    /* Minimum touch target height */
    min-width: 48px;
    /* Minimum touch target width */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.download-button:hover {
    background-color: #0056b3;
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .download-button {
        padding: 12px 20px;
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin: 15px 5px;
    }
}


.genially-embed-container {
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 56.25%;
    /* 16:9 aspect ratio (height / width = 9 / 16 = 0.5625) */
    height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    max-width: 100%;
    background: #000;
    margin: 20px 0;
    /* Add some margin */
}

.genially-embed-container iframe {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}


/* --- Padlet Embed Styling --- */

/* Main container for the Padlet embed */
.padlet-embed {
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-radius: 2px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    /* Important to contain the iframe */
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    /* Ensures it takes full width of its parent */
    background: #F4F4F4;
    /* Light grey background */
    margin-top: 20px;
    /* Add some space above the embed */
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    /* Add some space below the embed */
}

/* Paragraph tag directly inside .padlet-embed */
/* This is primarily used as a wrapper for the iframe for responsive height */
.padlet-embed p {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    position: relative;
    /* For responsive iframe positioning */
    height: 0;
    /* Important for aspect ratio trick */
    padding-bottom: 67.5%;
    /* Calculated for ~608px height on a 900px wide container.
                                Adjust this value if you want a different aspect ratio.
                                For 16:9 aspect ratio, use 56.25%; for 4:3, use 75%. */
    overflow: hidden;
    /* Hide any overflow during scaling */
}


/* The Padlet iframe itself */
.padlet-embed iframe {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    /* Important for aspect ratio trick */
    display: block;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    border: none;
    /* Already `frameborder="0"` in HTML, but good to ensure */

    /* Positioning for responsive height */
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
}

/* Footer div containing the "Made with Padlet" link */
.padlet-footer {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    /* Align to the right (end) */
    margin: 0;
    height: 28px;
    /* Fixed height for the footer bar */
}

/* The link within the footer */
.padlet-footer a {
    display: block;
    flex-grow: 0;
    margin: 0;
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* The image within the footer link */
.padlet-footer img {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    background: transparent;
    /* No background */
    border: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    width: 114px;
    /* Ensure original width */
    height: 28px;
    /* Ensure original height */
}

/* --- Responsive Adjustments for Padlet Embed --- */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .padlet-embed p {
        padding-bottom: 75%;
        /* On smaller screens, you might want a taller aspect ratio */
    }



    @media (max-width: 480px) {
        .padlet-embed p {
            padding-bottom: 85%;
            /* Even taller aspect ratio for very small screens */
        }
    }
}






/* --- Two-Column Flexbox Section Styling --- */

/* Style for the overall section containing the two columns */
.two-column-flex-section {
    /* General section spacing and appearance */
    padding: 40px 20px;
    /* Padding inside the section */
    margin: 30px auto;
    /* Margin outside, centers the section on the page */
    max-width: 1000px;
    /* Limits the maximum width of the entire section */
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    /* Light background for the section area */
    border-radius: 10px;
    /* Rounded corners for the section */
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    /* Soft shadow for depth */
}

/* Style for the heading within this specific section */
.two-column-flex-section h2 {
    text-align: center;
    /* Center the main heading of this section */
    color: #004d99;
    /* Matches your other primary headings */
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    /* Space below the section heading */
    font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 5vw, 2.2rem);
}


/* The wrapper that acts as the flex container for the columns */
.flex-columns-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    /* Enables flexbox layout for its direct children (the columns) */
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    /* Allows columns to wrap to the next line on smaller screens */
    gap: 30px;
    /* Creates space between the columns */
    justify-content: center;
    /* Centers columns if there's extra space and they don't fill the row */
}

/* Styling for each individual column */
.flex-column-content {
    flex: 1;
    /* Each column will grow and shrink to take up equal available space */
    min-width: 300px;
    /* Minimum width each column will maintain before wrapping - reduced from 350px */
    padding: 25px;
    /* Padding inside each column */
    box-sizing: border-box;
    /* Ensures padding and border are included in the element's total width */
    background-color: #ffffff;
    /* White background for each individual column box */
    border-radius: 8px;
    /* Rounded corners for column boxes */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    /* Subtle shadow for each column box */
}

/* Headings within the columns */
.flex-column-content h3 {
    color: #007bff;
    /* A blue color for column titles */
    margin-top: 0;
    /* Remove default top margin */
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    /* Space below column titles */
    font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 3vw, 1.6rem);
}

/* Paragraphs within the columns */
.flex-column-content p {
    color: #444;
    /* Dark gray for paragraph text */
    font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 2vw, 1rem);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* Unordered lists within the columns */
.flex-column-content ul {
    list-style: disc;
    /* Standard bullet points */
    margin-left: 20px;
    /* Indent lists */
    color: #444;
}


/* --- Responsive Behavior for the Two-Column Section --- */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .flex-columns-wrapper {
        flex-direction: column;
        /* On screens 768px wide or less, stack columns vertically */
        gap: 20px;
        /* Adjust gap when stacked */
    }

    .flex-column-content {
        min-width: unset;
        /* Remove minimum width constraint when stacking */
        width: 100%;
        /* Make columns take full width when stacked */
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .flex-column-content h3 {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    .two-column-flex-section {
        padding: 25px 15px;
        /* Adjust section padding for smaller screens */
    }

    .two-column-flex-section h2 {
        font-size: 1.6rem;
        /* Adjust heading size */
    }

    /* Add this to your style.css file */
    .flex-column-image {
        max-width: 100%;
        /* Ensures the image never exceeds the width of its parent column */
        height: auto;
        /* Maintains the image's aspect ratio */
        display: block;
        /* Removes extra space often found below images */
        margin: 0 auto;
        /* Centers the image horizontally if it's smaller than the column */
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .two-column-flex-section h2 {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
        /* Further adjust heading size for very small screens */
    }

    .flex-column-content h3 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .flex-column-content p,
    .flex-column-content ul li {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .flex-column-content {
        padding: 15px;
    }

    .two-column-flex-section {
        padding: 15px 10px;
    }
}



/* --- Spaced Table Styling --- */

.spaced-learning-table {
    width: 100%;
    /* Table takes full width of its container */
    border-collapse: separate;
    /* CRUCIAL: Allows borders to be separate and border-spacing to work */
    border-spacing: 15px;
    /* This adds 15px of space BETWEEN cells (rows and columns) */

    margin: 30px auto;
    /* Centers the table within its container and adds vertical margin */
    max-width: 900px;
    /* Limits the table's maximum width */
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    /* Background color that shows in the gaps */
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    /* A subtle border around the entire table */
    border-radius: 8px;
    /* Rounded corners for the table container */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    /* Soft shadow for depth */
}

/* Styling for Table Headers and Data Cells */
.spaced-learning-table th,
.spaced-learning-table td {
    padding: 15px;
    /* This adds 15px of space INSIDE each cell, around its content */

    text-align: left;
    /* Align text to the left */
    vertical-align: top;
    /* Align content to the top within cells */

    border: none;
    /* Border for each individual cell */
    border-radius: 5px;
    /* Rounded corners for individual cells */
    background-color: #fafdff;
    /* White background for each cell */
}

/* Table Header Specifics */
.spaced-learning-table th {
    background-color: #170841;
    /* Dark blue header background */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* White text */
    font-weight: bold;
    white-space: nowrap;
    /* Prevents header text from wrapping too early */
}

/* Zebra Striping for Table Rows (alternating background colors for rows) */
.spaced-learning-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td {
    background-color: #f8fff8;
    /* Very light green for even rows */
}

/* Optional: Hover effect for table rows */
.spaced-learning-table tbody tr:hover td {
    background-color: #7a67ac;
    /* Slightly darker green on hover */
    color: #ffffff;
    /* Change text color to white on hover for better contrast */
}

/* --- Responsive Adjustments for Tables --- */
/* The .table-responsive wrapper from previous examples is still useful for horizontal scrolling */
.table-responsive {
    overflow-x: auto;
    /* Adds horizontal scrollbar if table content is too wide */
    /* -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; Removed due to lack of support */
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    /* Space below the table */
}

/* Adjust table minimum width for smaller screens if needed to prevent squishing */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .spaced-learning-table {
        min-width: 100%;
        border-spacing: 8px;
        /* Slightly reduce spacing on smaller screens */
    }

    .spaced-learning-table th,
    .spaced-learning-table td {
        padding: 10px;
        /* Reduce padding inside cells for smaller screens */
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        /* Slightly reduce font size */
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .spaced-learning-table {
        border-spacing: 5px;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .spaced-learning-table th,
    .spaced-learning-table td {
        padding: 8px;
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }

    .table-responsive {
        overflow-x: auto;
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    }
}